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- | + | hand-out: | |
+ | : http://pcsar.dyndns.org:8080/mem_docs/doc-051-communication-log.pdf | ||
- | + | : 1.0 hr | |
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: SAR Fundamentals Manual: Ch.14 "Communications" | : SAR Fundamentals Manual: Ch.14 "Communications" | ||
: Basic SAR Skills Manual: F-4 "Communications" | : Basic SAR Skills Manual: F-4 "Communications" | ||
: Exercise | : Exercise | ||
+ | : see sar/pc/training/subject/sar-fundamentals/components/subject/11-communications | ||
- | + | == Reference material == | |
+ | * SAR Fundamentals Manual: Ch.14 (pg 201) | ||
+ | * Basic SAR Skills Manual: Ch.F-4 (pg F-9) | ||
+ | * Study Guide for Restricted Operator Certificate | ||
+ | ** http://www.ic.gc.ca/eic/site/smt-gst.nsf/vwapj/ric21.pdf/$FILE/ric21.pdf | ||
+ | * [{{sarawiki|Telecommunications_Standard}} The 2009 SAR Alberta Telecommunications Standard] | ||
+ | * [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Mobile_Radio_Service GMRS on Wikipedia] | ||
+ | |||
+ | == Syllabus == | ||
+ | |||
+ | * importance | ||
+ | ** The biggest problem you will ever experience in a SAR situation is lack of communication. | ||
+ | ** "The first problem is always communications" | ||
- | |||
* Why professionalism, why standards? | * Why professionalism, why standards? | ||
+ | ** communicating clearly with other groups | ||
+ | ** expectations of other groups (RCMP) | ||
+ | ** working efficiently | ||
- | * communications methods | + | * communications methods in SAR |
+ | ** commercial radios | ||
+ | ** FRS | ||
+ | ** cell phone | ||
+ | ** sat phone | ||
+ | ** SPOT | ||
+ | ** voice | ||
+ | ** hand signals | ||
* Basic radio theory | * Basic radio theory | ||
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**** VHF: 30 - 300 MHz: 10 m to 1 m | **** VHF: 30 - 300 MHz: 10 m to 1 m | ||
**** UHF: 300MHz - 3 GHz: 1 m to 10 cm | **** UHF: 300MHz - 3 GHz: 1 m to 10 cm | ||
- | ** CTCSS - continuous tone | + | ***** FRS (0.5W) |
+ | ***** GMRS (2W - Canada) | ||
+ | ** CTCSS - continuous tone squelch system | ||
*** interference | *** interference | ||
*** FRS sub channels | *** FRS sub channels | ||
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** Using the controls (sara std field) | ** Using the controls (sara std field) | ||
** Posture of the user (sara std field) | ** Posture of the user (sara std field) | ||
+ | *** Keep the antenna vertical and fully extended. | ||
+ | **** wave polarity | ||
+ | *** Distance from outside noise when sending. | ||
+ | *** Keep the mic about 2 to 3 inches away from the mouth at exactly 45 degrees. | ||
+ | *** normal speech levels | ||
+ | *** Hold the mic button down momentarily before and after you speak. | ||
** Base Radio setup and use (sara std control) | ** Base Radio setup and use (sara std control) | ||
** Equipment and channels we have access to | ** Equipment and channels we have access to | ||
+ | ** Channel 9 - Tac 9 (RCMP) - Simplex | ||
+ | *** line of sight (not through hills) | ||
* Communication Protocols | * Communication Protocols | ||
- | |||
** choosing your words | ** choosing your words | ||
*** Sound professional. Absolutely everyone is listening. | *** Sound professional. Absolutely everyone is listening. | ||
*** Make sure your information is clear, concise and short. Think before you speak, not during. | *** Make sure your information is clear, concise and short. Think before you speak, not during. | ||
*** Speak slow and clear. | *** Speak slow and clear. | ||
- | *** | + | *** Always use easy words. |
*** Standard Words and Phrases | *** Standard Words and Phrases | ||
**** ITU Alphabet (sara std field) | **** ITU Alphabet (sara std field) | ||
**** numbers | **** numbers | ||
***** 3-Tree 4-Fower 9-Niner | ***** 3-Tree 4-Fower 9-Niner | ||
+ | **** Use the 24 hr clock to tell time. | ||
**** Calling procedures (sara std field) | **** Calling procedures (sara std field) | ||
***** Over - I have finished talking and I am listening for your reply. Short for "Over to you." | ***** Over - I have finished talking and I am listening for your reply. Short for "Over to you." | ||
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***** Copy - I understand what you just said (after receiving information). | ***** Copy - I understand what you just said (after receiving information). | ||
***** Acknowledge - confirm you've received | ***** Acknowledge - confirm you've received | ||
+ | ***** Wilco - Will Comply (after receiving new directions). | ||
***** This Is ... | ***** This Is ... | ||
***** Go Ahead | ***** Go Ahead | ||
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***** Correction / I Say Again / Say Again | ***** Correction / I Say Again / Say Again | ||
***** Read Back / That Is Correct | ***** Read Back / That Is Correct | ||
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**** Affirmative / Negative / Wilco | **** Affirmative / Negative / Wilco | ||
- | |||
**** Radio check | **** Radio check | ||
***** How Do You Read? | ***** How Do You Read? | ||
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*** MAYDAY / PAN PAN / SECURITY | *** MAYDAY / PAN PAN / SECURITY | ||
*** Use of plain language (sara std field) | *** Use of plain language (sara std field) | ||
- | **** One exception | + | **** One exception 40 Code: 1062 means turn radio off or move away from group. (sara std field) |
- | **** PCSAR's codes | + | **** PCSAR's 5 codes |
**** Death or injury relayed in code or special word by mgmt., instructions. | **** Death or injury relayed in code or special word by mgmt., instructions. | ||
** Call Signs | ** Call Signs | ||
*** All Stations | *** All Stations | ||
+ | ** Do not cut into a message being sent. Listen before you send. | ||
** Communications Traffic Logging (sara std control) | ** Communications Traffic Logging (sara std control) | ||
* Laws | * Laws | ||
- | |||
** profane language | ** profane language | ||
** false distress | ** false distress | ||
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** Multiple Radio use simulation (sara std control) | ** Multiple Radio use simulation (sara std control) | ||
- | == | + | == Outline == |
- | + | <pre> | |
+ | [From Jake's outline] | ||
+ | Chapter outlines | ||
+ | Chapter 14 | ||
+ | Communication p.201 | ||
+ | |||
+ | Hand out call sheets, and cards. | ||
+ | SAR Communication- the exchange of thoughts and ideas in a SAR | ||
+ | environment. | ||
+ | What can we use to communicate? | ||
+ | In a SAR environment what type of information do you send? | ||
+ | The biggest problem you will ever experience in a SAR situation is lack | ||
+ | of Communication. | ||
+ | Have a plan in place, if there is a communication problem. | ||
+ | Make sure your information is clear, concise and short. Think before | ||
+ | you speak, not during. | ||
+ | Common Radio Procedures | ||
+ | Acquaint your self with local operating rules for the channel you | ||
+ | are assigned. | ||
+ | Keep messages short. | ||
+ | Do not cut into a message being sent. Listen before you send. | ||
+ | Death or injury relayed in code or special word by mgmt., | ||
+ | instructions. | ||
- | + | PCSAR's 5 codes | |
- | + | ||
- | + | ||
- | + | ||
- | + | ||
- | + | ||
- | + | ||
- | + | ||
- | + | Sound professional. Absolutely everyone is listening. | |
+ | Speak slow and clear. | ||
+ | Always use easy words. | ||
+ | Portable Radio Procedures | ||
+ | Keep the antenna vertical and fully extended. | ||
+ | Distance from outside noise when sending. | ||
+ | Keep the mic about 1 to 2 inches away from the mouth at exactly | ||
+ | 45 degrees. | ||
+ | Hold the mic button down momentarily before and after you | ||
+ | speak. | ||
+ | Use the 24 hr clock to tell time. | ||
+ | Keep the radio protected. Or you don't get your deposit back. | ||
+ | Terms & Phrases | ||
+ | Base this is Alpha over. Say the person you are calling first then | ||
+ | you. | ||
+ | Break, Break, Break,. In a dire emergency you may use this to | ||
+ | relay info to interrupt a current message. | ||
+ | Special codes or words may be used for death. | ||
+ | Communication Exercise. | ||
+ | </pre> | ||
- | == | + | == Key phrases == |
- | + | <pre> | |
- | + | ... THIS IS ... (message) OVER | |
- | + | OUT or CLEAR - I have finished talking to you and do not expect a reply. | |
- | + | ROGER - Information received. | |
- | + | WILCO - Will Comply (after receiving new directions). | |
- | + | AFFIRMATIVE - Yes | |
+ | NEGATIVE - No | ||
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- | |||
- | + | Letter Code word Pronunciation | |
- | + | A Alfa AL FAH | |
- | + | B Bravo BRAH VOE | |
- | + | C Charlie CHAR LEE or SHAR LEE | |
+ | D Delta DELL TAH | ||
+ | E Echo ECK OH | ||
+ | F Foxtrot FOKS TROT | ||
+ | G Golf GOLF | ||
+ | H Hotel HO TELL | ||
+ | I India IN DEE AH | ||
+ | J Juliet JEW LEE ETT | ||
+ | K Kilo KEY LOH | ||
+ | L Lima LEE MAH | ||
+ | M Mike MIKE | ||
+ | N November NO VEM BER | ||
+ | O Oscar OSS CAH | ||
+ | P Papa PAH PAH | ||
+ | Q Quebec KEH BECK | ||
+ | R Romeo ROW ME OH | ||
+ | S Sierra SEE AIR AH | ||
+ | T Tango TANG GO | ||
+ | U Uniform YOU NEE FORM | ||
+ | V Victor VIK TAH | ||
+ | W Whiskey WISS KEY | ||
+ | X X-ray ECKS RAY | ||
+ | Y Yankee YANG KEY | ||
+ | Z Zulu ZOO LOO | ||
+ | 0 Zero ZE RO | ||
+ | 1 One WUN | ||
+ | 2 Two TOO | ||
+ | 3 Three TREE | ||
+ | 4 Four FOW ER | ||
+ | 5 Five FIFE | ||
+ | 6 Six SIX | ||
+ | 7 Seven SEV EN | ||
+ | 8 Eight AIT | ||
+ | 9 Nine NIN ER | ||
+ | </pre> | ||
- | + | == Instruction == | |
+ | <pre> | ||
+ | (use outline mode for this file) | ||
- | + | * Context, why? | |
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- | + | Who uses radios regularly? | |
- | + | - Ask to give real-world examples | |
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- | + | Why professionalism, why standards? | |
- | + | - communicating clearly with other groups | |
- | + | - expectations of other groups (RCMP) | |
- | + | - working efficiently | |
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- | + | * Theory | |
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- | + | - Radio waves / light waves | |
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- | + | - Stations types: | |
- | + | Base, Mobile, Portable | |
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- | + | - Simplex vs Duplex (Repeater) | |
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- | + | * Operation | |
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- | * | + | |
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- | + | Antenna alignment | |
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- | + | Push to Talk | |
- | + | - 2 to 3 inches from mouth | |
- | + | - normal speech levels | |
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- | + | Channel - Tac 9 (RCMP) - Simplex | |
- | + | - line of sight (not through hills) | |
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- | + | * Protocols | |
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- | + | Speech Transmission | |
- | + | - Normal speed, not too fast | |
- | + | - when spelling: phonetic alphabet | |
- | + | - letters confused | |
- | + | - Numbers: 3-Tree 4-Fower 9-Niner | |
- | + | ||
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- | + | Call Signs | |
- | + | All Stations | |
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- | + | Standard Words & Phrases, "Voice Procedure", "Procedure Words" | |
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- | + | Over - I have finished talking and I am listening for your | |
- | + | reply. Short for "Over to you." | |
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- | + | Out or Clear - I have finished talking to you and do not expect a reply. | |
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- | + | Roger - Information received. | |
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- | + | Copy - I understand what you just said (after receiving information). | |
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- | + | Wilco - Will Comply (after receiving new directions). | |
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- | + | This Is ... | |
- | + | Over / Out | |
- | + | Go Ahead | |
- | + | ||
- | + | Stand By | |
- | + | ||
- | + | How Do You Read? (Radio Check) | |
- | + | Strength (not photocopied) | |
- | + | 1 - (unreadable) | |
- | + | 2 - (breaking up) | |
- | + | 3 - (readable with difficulty) | |
- | + | 4 - (readable) | |
- | + | 5 - (perfectly readable) | |
- | + | Clarity | |
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- | + | Acknowledge / Roger | |
- | + | Correction / I Say Again / Say Again | |
- | + | Read Back / That Is Correct | |
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- | + | Affirmative / Negative / Wilco | |
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- | + | MAYDAY / PAN PAN / SECURITY | |
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- | + | * Laws | |
- | + | * Avoid | |
- | + | - unnecessary communication | |
- | + | - profane language $1000 penalty | |
- | + | - false distress | |
- | + | - e.g. tests that seem real | |
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- | : | + | * examples, Putting it together: |
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- | + | - contact, basic message | |
- | + | TEAM ALPHA, THIS IS BASE, OVER | |
- | + | ||
- | + | BASE, THIS IS TEAM ALPHA, GO AHEAD, OVER | |
- | + | ||
- | + | TEAM ALPHA, ... OVER | |
- | + | BASE, ROGER OUT | |
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- | + | - a sample message | |
- | + | ||
- | + | PROCEED TO UTM 915026 AND SWEEP TRAIL TO BOULTON CREEK | |
- | + | - Radio check | |
- | + | BASE, THIS TEAM BRAVO, HOW DO YOU READ?, OVER | |
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- | + | TEAM BRAVO, THIS IS BASE, READING YOUR STRENGTH 4, OVER | |
- | + | ||
- | + | (THIS IS) TEAM BRAVO, OUT. | |
- | + | ||
- | + | - Need to hear part of message again | |
- | + | ||
- | + | BASE, THIS IS TEAM BRAVO, SAY AGAIN COORDINATES, OVER | |
- | + | ||
+ | |||
+ | - Broadcast message | ||
+ | |||
+ | ALL STATIONS, THIS IS SAR BASE, PINCHER CREEK SAR WILL BE CONDUCTING RADIO TRAINING | ||
+ | ON THIS CHANNEL UNTIL 2200 HOURS. OUT | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | ALL SAR TEAMS, THIS IS BASE, RETURN TO BASE. TEAM ALPHA ACKNOWLEDGE OVER | ||
+ | |||
+ | (THIS IS) TEAM ALPHA ROGER (OVER) | ||
+ | |||
+ | TEAM BRAVO, ACKNOWLEDGE (OVER) | ||
+ | |||
+ | (THIS IS) TEAM BRAVO WILCO OVER | ||
+ | |||
+ | TEAM CHARLIE, ACKNOWLEDGE (OVER) | ||
+ | |||
+ | (THIS IS) TEAM CHARLIE WILCO (OVER) | ||
+ | |||
+ | (THIS IS) SAR BASE. OUT. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Which teams are returning to base? | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | - Relay message | ||
+ | |||
+ | TEAM ALPHA, THIS IS BASE, OVER | ||
+ | |||
+ | BASE, GO AHEAD | ||
+ | |||
+ | TEAM ALPHA PLEASE RELAY FOLLOWING MESSAGE TO TEAM BRAVO | ||
+ | PROCEED 1 MILE EAST ON HIGHWAY 507 OVER | ||
+ | |||
+ | THIS IS ALPHA, WILCO, OUT. | ||
+ | |||
+ | TEAM BRAVO, THIS IS ALPHA OVER | ||
+ | |||
+ | TEAM ALPHA, GO AHEAD | ||
+ | |||
+ | MESSAGE FROM BASE READS: PROCEED 1 MILE EAST ON HIGHWAY 507 OVER | ||
+ | |||
+ | TEAM ALPHA ROGER. OUT. | ||
+ | |||
+ | </pre> | ||
+ | == Exercise == | ||
+ | <pre> | ||
+ | |||
+ | 19:45 to (Return to base by) 21:00 | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | ALL STATIONS, THIS IS SAR BASE, PINCHER CREEK SAR WILL BE CONDUCTING | ||
+ | RADIO TRAINING ON THIS CHANNEL UNTIL 2200 HOURS. OUT | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | 5 teams + base | ||
+ | |||
+ | Base Team | ||
+ | - person likely to be at base | ||
+ | - any that may need to leave early | ||
+ | |||
+ | Practice Objective: Create as big a circle as possible around Pincher | ||
+ | Creek. Each team is in contact either directly or indirectly with | ||
+ | base. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Vehicles | ||
+ | - Driver (more experienced radio person) | ||
+ | - Radio (less experienced radio person) | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | - If no communications for 5 minutes head back towards base | ||
+ | |||
+ | - Base is in control | ||
+ | |||
+ | Underlying Objective: To practice proper use of radios. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Use the techniques we've described. | ||
+ | |||
+ | If you hear a communication that doesn't follow the protocol that | ||
+ | we've learned, respond as if it was 'garbled'. | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | Sometime between 20:30 and 21:00 everyone at base. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Follow up comments. | ||
- | + | </pre> | |
- | + |