SAR Fundamentals/Communications

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== Instruction ==
== Instruction ==
 +
 +
=== Examples ==
<pre>
<pre>
* examples, Putting it together:
* examples, Putting it together:

Revision as of 23:04, 6 October 2010

hand-out:

http://pcsar.dyndns.org:8080/mem_docs/doc-051-communication-log.pdf
1.0 hr
SAR Fundamentals Manual: Ch.14 "Communications"
Basic SAR Skills Manual: F-4 "Communications"
Exercise
see sar/pc/training/subject/sar-fundamentals/components/subject/11-communications

Contents

Reference material

Syllabus

  • importance
    • The biggest problem you will ever experience in a SAR situation is lack of communication.
    • "The first problem is always communications"
  • Why professionalism, why standards?
    • communicating clearly with other groups
    • expectations of other groups (RCMP)
    • working efficiently
  • communications methods in SAR
    • commercial radios
    • FRS
    • cell phone
    • sat phone
    • SPOT
    • voice
    • hand signals
  • Basic radio theory
    • Radio waves / light waves
    • Frequency
      • Bands
        • VHF: 30 - 300 MHz: 10 m to 1 m
        • UHF: 300MHz - 3 GHz: 1 m to 10 cm
          • FRS (0.5W)
          • GMRS (2W - Canada)
    • CTCSS - continuous tone squelch system
      • interference
      • FRS sub channels
    • Propagation (sara std field)
    • Anatomy of radios (sara std field)
    • Types of radios
      • Base (sara std field)
      • Hand Held (sara std field)
      • Mobile (sara std field)
      • Repeater (sara std field)
      • Simplex vs Duplex (Repeater)
    • Connectors & Mobile Antennas (sara std field)
  • Use of radios
    • Battery Replacement (sara std field)
    • Using the controls (sara std field)
    • Posture of the user (sara std field)
      • Keep the antenna vertical and fully extended.
        • wave polarity
      • Distance from outside noise when sending.
      • Keep the mic about 2 to 3 inches away from the mouth at exactly 45 degrees.
      • normal speech levels
      • Hold the mic button down momentarily before and after you speak.
    • Base Radio setup and use (sara std control)
    • Equipment and channels we have access to
    • Channel 9 - Tac 9 (RCMP) - Simplex
      • line of sight (not through hills)
  • Communication Protocols
    • Do not cut into a message being sent. Listen before you send.
    • choosing your words
      • Sound professional. Absolutely everyone is listening.
      • Make sure your information is clear, concise and short. Think before you speak, not during.
      • Speak slow and clear.
      • Use simple words.
      • Standard Words and Phrases
        • ITU Alphabet (sara std field)
        • numbers
          • 3-Tree 4-Fower 9-Niner
        • Calling procedures (sara std field)
          • Over - I have finished talking and I am listening for your reply. Short for "Over to you."
          • Out or Clear - I have finished talking to you and do not expect a reply.
          • Roger - Information received.
          • Copy - I understand what you just said (after receiving information).
          • Acknowledge - confirm you've received
          • This Is ...
          • Go Ahead
          • Stand By
          • Correction / I Say Again / Say Again
          • Read Back / That Is Correct
        • Wilco - Will Comply (after receiving new directions).
        • Affirmative / Negative / Wilco
        • Use the 24 hr clock to tell time.
        • Radio check
          • How Do You Read?
          • Strength / Clarity
            • 1 - (unreadable)
            • 2 - (breaking up)
            • 3 - (readable with difficulty)
            • 4 - (readable)
            • 5 - (perfectly readable)
      • MAYDAY / PAN PAN / SECURITY
      • Use of plain language (sara std field)
        • One exception 40 Code: 1062 means turn radio off or move away from group. (sara std field)
        • PCSAR's 5 codes
        • Death or injury relayed in code or special word by mgmt., instructions.
    • Call Signs
      • All Stations
    • Communications Traffic Logging (sara std control)
  • Laws
    • must identify yourself
    • profane language
    • false distress
      • e.g. tests that seem real
    • privacy
  • Hands On use of radios
    • Calling other stations (sara std field)
    • Passing traffic (sara std field)
    • Multiple Radio use simulation (sara std control)

Outline 

[From Jake's outline]
           Chapter outlines 
                        Chapter 14 
                   Communication p.201 
                                           
Hand out call sheets, and cards. 
SAR Communication- the exchange of thoughts and ideas in a SAR 
environment. 
 What can we use to communicate? 
 In a SAR environment what type of information do you send? 
 The biggest problem you will ever experience in a SAR situation is lack 
of Communication. 
 Have a plan in place, if there is a communication problem. 
 Make sure your information is clear, concise and short.  Think before 
you speak, not during. 
 Common Radio Procedures 
          Acquaint your self with local operating rules for the channel you 
        are assigned. 
          Keep messages short. 
          Do not cut into a message being sent.  Listen before you send.   
          Death or injury relayed in code or special word by mgmt., 
        instructions. 

           PCSAR's 5 codes

          Sound professional.  Absolutely everyone is listening. 
          Speak slow and clear. 
          Always use easy words. 
 Portable Radio Procedures 
          Keep the antenna vertical and fully extended. 
          Distance from outside noise when sending. 
          Keep the mic about 1 to 2 inches away from the mouth at exactly 
        45 degrees. 
          Hold the mic button down momentarily before and after you 
        speak. 
          Use the 24 hr clock to tell time. 
              Keep the radio protected.  Or you don't get your deposit back. 
 Terms & Phrases 
              Base this is Alpha over.  Say the person you are calling first then 
            you. 
              Break, Break, Break,.  In a dire emergency you may use this to 
            relay info to interrupt a current message. 
              Special codes or words may be used for death. 
   Communication Exercise.

Key phrases 

... THIS IS ... (message) OVER

OUT or CLEAR - I have finished talking to you and do not expect a reply.
ROGER - Information received.
WILCO - Will Comply (after receiving new directions).
AFFIRMATIVE - Yes
NEGATIVE - No


Letter 	Code word 	Pronunciation
A 	Alfa		AL FAH
B 	Bravo		BRAH VOE
C 	Charlie 	CHAR LEE or SHAR LEE
D 	Delta		DELL TAH
E 	Echo		ECK OH
F 	Foxtrot 	FOKS TROT
G 	Golf		GOLF
H 	Hotel		HO TELL
I 	India		IN DEE AH
J 	Juliet		JEW LEE ETT
K 	Kilo		KEY LOH
L 	Lima		LEE MAH
M 	Mike		MIKE
N 	November 	NO VEM BER
O 	Oscar		OSS CAH
P 	Papa		PAH PAH
Q 	Quebec		KEH BECK
R 	Romeo		ROW ME OH
S 	Sierra		SEE AIR AH
T 	Tango		TANG GO
U 	Uniform 	YOU NEE FORM
V 	Victor		VIK TAH
W 	Whiskey 	WISS KEY
X 	X-ray		ECKS RAY
Y 	Yankee		YANG KEY
Z 	Zulu		ZOO LOO
0 	Zero		ZE RO
1 	One		WUN
2 	Two		TOO
3 	Three		TREE
4 	Four		FOW ER
5 	Five		FIFE
6 	Six		SIX
7 	Seven		SEV EN
8 	Eight		AIT
9 	Nine		NIN ER

Instruction

= Examples 

* examples, Putting it together:


 - contact, basic message
   TEAM ALPHA, THIS IS BASE, OVER

   BASE, THIS IS TEAM ALPHA, GO AHEAD, OVER

   TEAM ALPHA, ... OVER

   BASE, ROGER OUT


 - a sample message

  PROCEED TO UTM 915026 AND SWEEP TRAIL TO BOULTON CREEK

 - Radio check

  BASE, THIS TEAM BRAVO, HOW DO YOU READ?, OVER

  TEAM BRAVO, THIS IS BASE, READING YOUR STRENGTH 4, OVER

  (THIS IS) TEAM BRAVO, OUT.

 - Need to hear part of message again

  BASE, THIS IS TEAM BRAVO, SAY AGAIN COORDINATES, OVER


 - Broadcast message

  ALL STATIONS, THIS IS SAR BASE, PINCHER CREEK SAR WILL BE CONDUCTING RADIO TRAINING 
  ON THIS CHANNEL UNTIL 2200 HOURS. OUT



  ALL SAR TEAMS, THIS IS BASE, RETURN TO BASE.  TEAM ALPHA ACKNOWLEDGE OVER

  (THIS IS) TEAM ALPHA ROGER (OVER)

  TEAM BRAVO, ACKNOWLEDGE (OVER)

  (THIS IS) TEAM BRAVO WILCO OVER

  TEAM CHARLIE, ACKNOWLEDGE (OVER)

  (THIS IS) TEAM CHARLIE WILCO (OVER)

  (THIS IS) SAR BASE.  OUT.

  Which teams are returning to base?  


 - Relay message

  TEAM ALPHA, THIS IS BASE, OVER

  BASE, GO AHEAD

  TEAM ALPHA PLEASE RELAY FOLLOWING MESSAGE TO TEAM BRAVO
  PROCEED 1 MILE EAST ON HIGHWAY 507 OVER

  THIS IS ALPHA, WILCO, OUT.

  TEAM BRAVO, THIS IS ALPHA OVER

  TEAM ALPHA, GO AHEAD

  MESSAGE FROM BASE READS: PROCEED 1 MILE EAST ON HIGHWAY 507 OVER

  TEAM ALPHA ROGER. OUT.

Exercise 


19:45 to (Return to base by) 21:00


  ALL STATIONS, THIS IS SAR BASE, PINCHER CREEK SAR WILL BE CONDUCTING
  RADIO TRAINING ON THIS CHANNEL UNTIL 2200 HOURS. OUT


5 teams + base

  Base Team
    - person likely to be at base
    - any that may need to leave early

Practice Objective: Create as big a circle as possible around Pincher
Creek.  Each team is in contact either directly or indirectly with
base.

   Vehicles
    - Driver (more experienced radio person)
    - Radio (less experienced radio person)


   - If no communications for 5 minutes head back towards base

   - Base is in control

Underlying Objective: To practice proper use of radios.

   Use the techniques we've described.

   If you hear a communication that doesn't follow the protocol that
   we've learned, respond as if it was 'garbled'.


Sometime between 20:30 and 21:00 everyone at base.

Follow up comments.
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