SAR Fundamentals/First Aid

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* [[:Image:Hypothermia-lesson-plan.odt]]
* [[:Image:Hypothermia-lesson-plan.odt]]
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== Outline ==
 +
<pre>
 +
[From Jake's outline]
 +
 +
Chapter outlines
 +
Chapter 9
 +
Survival First Aid p.121
 +
W/appendix B
 +
Don't jeopardize your team by becoming a victim your self.
 +
Self first Aid
 +
Diagnose your aches and pains before they bring you down.
 +
Hypothermia
 +
Medical condition or illness that is caused by the body's inner
 +
temperature being lowered so far below normal as to cause a person to
 +
become ill. Also known as exposure.
 +
Causes:
 +
Falling in cold water
 +
Traveling in the cold while wet
 +
Improper dress
 +
Alcohol
 +
Drugs
 +
Urban hypothermia. (lack of funds to pay bills)
 +
A person can be considered hypothermic when their core temperature is
 +
below 35*c.
 +
Heat transfer:
 +
Radiation
 +
Conduction
 +
Convection
 +
evaporation
 +
hydration play a role in hypothermia, thermal control is lost or reduced.
 +
Dehydration occurs faster in colder weather and at elevation.
 +
Signs of hypothermia
 +
Severe hypothermia
 +
shivering may stop all together.
 +
Unable to walk, poor muscular co-ordination.
 +
Confusion, incoherent, irrational behavior.
 +
May become careless, self preservation.
 +
At less than 30.5*c muscles become rigid.
 +
Semiconscious.
 +
After 28*c unconsciousness
 +
After 26*c cardiac arrest.
 +
Freezing injuries.
 +
Frost bite
 +
Frost nip
 +
Trench foot (foot immersion)- exposure of skin to cold wet
 +
conditions.
 +
Chilblain- exposure of dry skin to cold.
 +
Heat related problems.
 +
Heat cramps- profuse sweating and salt depletion.
 +
Heat exhaustion- extreme version of heat cramps.
 +
Dehydration, seen with unconsciousness.
 +
Headaches, dizziness, fatigue, nausea.
 +
Cool moist skin
 +
 +
Heat stroke- life threatening.
 +
Can cause brain damage.
 +
Skin is hot, reddened, and dry.
 +
Headache, dizziness, dry mouth, coma, and seizures.
 +
Quickly becomes confused.
 +
Treatment is aimed at lowering body temp., as soon as possible.
 +
Remove clothing and place the victim in a cool place with low
 +
humidity.
 +
Solar injuries
 +
Sunburn
 +
Snow blindness
 +
Altitude Related Problems
 +
Mountain sickness-MAS- found over 8000 feet, not acclimating to
 +
elevation, going up too quick.
 +
Fatigue
 +
Loss of appetite
 +
Sleepiness
 +
Weakness
 +
Apathy, and headache
 +
HAPE- High altitude pulmonary edema,
 +
Fluid on the lungs
 +
Climbing above 8000 ft too quickly.
 +
Lethal if not treated.
 +
Same symptoms as MAS
 +
White or red(bloody) mucus when coughing.
 +
Weakness
 +
Short of breath.
 +
Can start as low as 4000 ft. called mid altitude sickness.
 +
HACE- High altitude cerebral edema
 +
Fluid on the brain
 +
Inability to walk a straight line
 +
Change in consciousness,
 +
Impaired judgment.
 +
Water Deprivation
 +
Dehydration, losing of body water, hypohrdration, levels too low.
 +
Thirst may be absent at altitude.
 +
Blisters
 +
Don't get them, and treat them asap.
 +
Snakes- overhead
 +
Insects
 +
Tick removal
 +
Poisonous plants
 +
General Considerations for the SAR Casualty
 +
Use common sense
 +
Remain calm
 +
Always hope for the best, but presume the worst.
 +
Never perform something you are unsure of.
 +
Never move a seriously injured person, unless they are in danger
 +
from the environment, or for medical reasons.
 +
Don't allow a person to "walk it off"
 +
Never approach and injured person from above.
 +
Re-evaluate at regular intervals.
 +
Keep lots of notes.
 +
Have a witness to remove restrictive clothing and jewelry, and
 +
place the objects in a safe place.
 +
 +
Remember:
 +
if nothing else, do no more harm.
 +
</pre>

Revision as of 04:29, 18 March 2010

1.0 hr
SAR Fundamentals Manual:
  • Ch.9 "Some Survival First Aid Considerations"
  • appendix B
Basic SAR Skills Manual:
  • Ch.11 "First Aid"
  • F-9 "Hypothermia"
Hypothermia

Outline 

[From Jake's outline]

            Chapter outlines 
                          Chapter 9 
               Survival First Aid p.121 
                             W/appendix B 
 Don't jeopardize your team by becoming a victim your self. 
 Self first Aid 
          Diagnose your aches and pains before they bring you down. 
 Hypothermia 
Medical condition or illness that is caused by the body's inner 
temperature being lowered so far below normal as to cause a person to 
become ill.  Also known as exposure. 
Causes: 
          Falling in cold water 
          Traveling in the cold while wet 
          Improper dress 
          Alcohol 
          Drugs 
          Urban hypothermia.  (lack of funds to pay bills) 
 A person can be considered hypothermic when their core temperature is 
below 35*c.   
Heat transfer: 
          Radiation 
          Conduction 
          Convection 
          evaporation 
 hydration play a role in hypothermia, thermal control is lost or reduced. 
Dehydration occurs faster in colder weather and at elevation. 
 Signs of hypothermia 
 Severe hypothermia 
          shivering may stop all together. 
          Unable to walk, poor muscular co-ordination. 
          Confusion, incoherent, irrational behavior. 
          May become careless, self preservation. 
          At less than 30.5*c muscles become rigid. 
          Semiconscious. 
          After 28*c unconsciousness 
          After 26*c cardiac arrest. 
 Freezing injuries. 
          Frost bite  
          Frost nip 
          Trench foot (foot immersion)- exposure of skin to cold wet 
          conditions. 
          Chilblain- exposure of dry skin to cold. 
 Heat related problems. 
Heat cramps-  profuse sweating and salt depletion. 
 Heat exhaustion-  extreme version of heat cramps. 
          Dehydration, seen with unconsciousness. 
          Headaches, dizziness, fatigue, nausea. 
          Cool moist skin 
           
Heat stroke-  life threatening. 
          Can cause brain damage. 
          Skin is hot, reddened, and dry. 
          Headache, dizziness, dry mouth, coma, and seizures. 
          Quickly becomes confused. 
          Treatment is aimed at lowering body temp., as soon as possible. 
          Remove clothing and place the victim in a cool place with low 
          humidity. 
 Solar injuries 
 Sunburn 
Snow blindness 
Altitude Related Problems 
 Mountain sickness-MAS- found over 8000 feet,  not acclimating to 
elevation, going up too quick. 
          Fatigue 
          Loss of appetite 
          Sleepiness 
          Weakness 
          Apathy, and headache 
 HAPE- High altitude pulmonary edema,   
          Fluid on the lungs 
          Climbing above 8000 ft too quickly. 
          Lethal if not treated. 
          Same symptoms as MAS 
          White or red(bloody) mucus when coughing. 
          Weakness  
          Short of breath. 
          Can start as low as 4000 ft.  called mid altitude sickness. 
 HACE- High altitude cerebral edema 
          Fluid on the brain 
          Inability to walk a straight line 
          Change in consciousness, 
          Impaired judgment. 
 Water Deprivation 
          Dehydration, losing of body water, hypohrdration, levels too low.  
        Thirst may be absent at altitude. 
 Blisters 
          Don't get them, and treat them asap. 
 Snakes- overhead 
 Insects 
          Tick removal 
 Poisonous plants 
General Considerations for the SAR Casualty 
          Use common sense 
          Remain calm 
          Always hope for the best, but presume the worst. 
          Never perform something you are unsure of. 
          Never move a seriously injured person, unless they are in danger 
        from the environment, or for medical reasons. 
          Don't allow a person to "walk it off" 
          Never approach and injured person from above. 
          Re-evaluate at regular intervals. 
          Keep lots of notes. 
          Have a witness to remove restrictive clothing and jewelry, and 
        place the objects in a safe place. 
 
                                  Remember: 
        if nothing else, do no more harm.
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