SAR Fundamentals/Communications

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hand-out:

http://pcsar.dyndns.org:8080/mem_docs/doc-051-communication-log.pdf
1.0 hr
SAR Fundamentals Manual: Ch.14 "Communications"
Basic SAR Skills Manual: F-4 "Communications"
Exercise
see sar/pc/training/subject/sar-fundamentals/components/subject/11-communications

Contents

Reference material

Syllabus

  • importance
    • The biggest problem you will ever experience in a SAR situation is lack of communication.
    • "The first problem is always communications"
  • Why professionalism, why standards?
    • communicating clearly with other groups
    • expectations of other groups (RCMP)
    • working efficiently
  • communications methods in SAR
    • commercial radios
    • FRS
    • cell phone
    • sat phone
    • SPOT
    • voice
    • hand signals
  • Basic radio theory
    • Radio waves / light waves
    • Frequency
      • Bands
        • VHF: 30 - 300 MHz: 10 m to 1 m
        • UHF: 300MHz - 3 GHz: 1 m to 10 cm
          • FRS (0.5W)
          • GMRS (2W - Canada)
    • CTCSS - continuous tone squelch system
      • interference
      • FRS sub channels
    • Propagation (sara std field)
    • Anatomy of radios (sara std field)
    • Types of radios
      • Base (sara std field)
      • Hand Held (sara std field)
      • Mobile (sara std field)
      • Repeater (sara std field)
      • Simplex vs Duplex (Repeater)
    • Connectors & Mobile Antennas (sara std field)
  • Use of radios
    • Battery Replacement (sara std field)
    • Using the controls (sara std field)
    • Posture of the user (sara std field)
      • Keep the antenna vertical and fully extended.
        • wave polarity
      • Distance from outside noise when sending.
      • Keep the mic about 2 to 3 inches away from the mouth at exactly 45 degrees.
      • normal speech levels
      • Hold the mic button down momentarily before and after you speak.
    • Base Radio setup and use (sara std control)
    • Equipment and channels we have access to
    • Channel 9 - Tac 9 (RCMP) - Simplex
      • line of sight (not through hills)
  • Communication Protocols
    • Do not cut into a message being sent. Listen before you send.
    • choosing your words
      • Sound professional. Absolutely everyone is listening.
      • Make sure your information is clear, concise and short. Think before you speak, not during.
      • Speak slow and clear.
      • Use simple words.
      • Standard Words and Phrases
        • ITU Alphabet (sara std field)
        • numbers
          • 3-Tree 4-Fower 9-Niner
        • Calling procedures (sara std field)
          • Over - I have finished talking and I am listening for your reply. Short for "Over to you."
          • Out or Clear - I have finished talking to you and do not expect a reply.
          • Roger - Information received.
          • Copy - I understand what you just said (after receiving information).
          • Acknowledge - confirm you've received
          • This Is ...
          • Go Ahead
          • Stand By
          • Correction / I Say Again / Say Again
          • Read Back / That Is Correct
        • Wilco - Will Comply (after receiving new directions).
        • Affirmative / Negative / Wilco
        • Use the 24 hr clock to tell time.
        • Radio check
          • How Do You Read?
          • Strength / Clarity
            • 1 - (unreadable)
            • 2 - (breaking up)
            • 3 - (readable with difficulty)
            • 4 - (readable)
            • 5 - (perfectly readable)
      • MAYDAY / PAN PAN / SECURITY
      • Use of plain language (sara std field)
        • One exception 40 Code: 1062 means turn radio off or move away from group. (sara std field)
        • PCSAR's 5 codes
        • Death or injury relayed in code or special word by mgmt., instructions.
    • Call Signs
      • All Stations
    • Communications Traffic Logging (sara std control)
  • Laws
    • must identify yourself
    • profane language
    • false distress
      • e.g. tests that seem real
    • privacy
  • Hands On use of radios
    • Calling other stations (sara std field)
    • Passing traffic (sara std field)
    • Multiple Radio use simulation (sara std control)



Instruction

Examples 

* examples, Putting it together:


 - contact, basic message
   TEAM ALPHA, THIS IS BASE, OVER

   BASE, THIS IS TEAM ALPHA, GO AHEAD, OVER

   TEAM ALPHA, ... OVER

   BASE, ROGER OUT


 - a sample message

  PROCEED TO UTM 915026 AND SWEEP TRAIL TO BOULTON CREEK

 - Radio check

  BASE, THIS TEAM BRAVO, HOW DO YOU READ?, OVER

  TEAM BRAVO, THIS IS BASE, READING YOUR STRENGTH 4, OVER

  (THIS IS) TEAM BRAVO, OUT.

 - Need to hear part of message again

  BASE, THIS IS TEAM BRAVO, SAY AGAIN COORDINATES, OVER


 - Broadcast message

  ALL STATIONS, THIS IS SAR BASE, PINCHER CREEK SAR WILL BE CONDUCTING RADIO TRAINING 
  ON THIS CHANNEL UNTIL 2200 HOURS. OUT



  ALL SAR TEAMS, THIS IS BASE, RETURN TO BASE.  TEAM ALPHA ACKNOWLEDGE OVER

  (THIS IS) TEAM ALPHA ROGER (OVER)

  TEAM BRAVO, ACKNOWLEDGE (OVER)

  (THIS IS) TEAM BRAVO WILCO OVER

  TEAM CHARLIE, ACKNOWLEDGE (OVER)

  (THIS IS) TEAM CHARLIE WILCO (OVER)

  (THIS IS) SAR BASE.  OUT.

  Which teams are returning to base?  


 - Relay message

  TEAM ALPHA, THIS IS BASE, OVER

  BASE, GO AHEAD

  TEAM ALPHA PLEASE RELAY FOLLOWING MESSAGE TO TEAM BRAVO
  PROCEED 1 MILE EAST ON HIGHWAY 507 OVER

  THIS IS ALPHA, WILCO, OUT.

  TEAM BRAVO, THIS IS ALPHA OVER

  TEAM ALPHA, GO AHEAD

  MESSAGE FROM BASE READS: PROCEED 1 MILE EAST ON HIGHWAY 507 OVER

  TEAM ALPHA ROGER. OUT.

Exercise 


19:45 to (Return to base by) 21:00


  ALL STATIONS, THIS IS SAR BASE, PINCHER CREEK SAR WILL BE CONDUCTING
  RADIO TRAINING ON THIS CHANNEL UNTIL 2200 HOURS. OUT


5 teams + base

  Base Team
    - person likely to be at base
    - any that may need to leave early

Practice Objective: Create as big a circle as possible around Pincher
Creek.  Each team is in contact either directly or indirectly with
base.

   Vehicles
    - Driver (more experienced radio person)
    - Radio (less experienced radio person)


   - If no communications for 5 minutes head back towards base

   - Base is in control

Underlying Objective: To practice proper use of radios.

   Use the techniques we've described.

   If you hear a communication that doesn't follow the protocol that
   we've learned, respond as if it was 'garbled'.


Sometime between 20:30 and 21:00 everyone at base.

Follow up comments.
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