SAR Fundamentals/Survival skills

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SAR Fundamentals Manual: Ch.7 "Emergency Survival Skills - Improvising"
Basic SAR Skills Manual:
  • Ch.25 "Short Term Survival Skills"
  • F-17 "PSAR"


compare with SAR Fundamentals/Survival, body management and fitness (assigned reading)

[edit] Objectives

At the conclusion of this lesson the participants:

  1. will be able to ...

[edit] Time Plan

Total Time: 45 minutes

  • 2013-02: 18 min

See Brett's 2016-10-26 notes

Time Material


00:00

3 min

Introduce topic title

Introduce Instructor

Present Objectives

00:03


queue up FOG SAR slides 748 to 756 (Addendum F Prevention)

Preventive SAR

  • keeping others out of trouble
  • keeping yourself out of trouble


  • FOG SAR slide 749

Prevention programs

  • AdventureSmart
  • Hug a Tree, Lost in the Woods
  • Public education
  • Educating your team
  • Educating yourself


  • FOG SAR slide 750

How people get into trouble

  • FOG SAR slide 751



  • FOG SAR slide 752

Characteristics of people that get into trouble

  • FOG SAR slide 753
  • nearly all survival situations are short term [3]
    • less than 72 hours [3]
    • 98% [3]



  • FOG SAR slide 754

Desired traits for outdoor enjoyment

  • FOG SAR slide 755
  • FOG SAR slide 756
  • personality traits [1]
    • makes decisions [1]
    • improvises [1]
    • adapts to situation [1]
      • makes the best of it [1]
    • prepares [1]
      • hopes for the best, prepares for the worst [1]
    • knows fears, controls them [1]
  • people rarely go out of their comfort zone [3]
  • people who regularly act at the edge of their comfort zone, react better to emergencies [3]



Letting people know your plans

  • hand out trip plan brochures



'queue up FOG SAR slides 527 to 550 (Chapter 25 Short Term Survival Skills) Survival

  • So you're in trouble, now what?

What do you need to survive?

  • survival priorities [1]
    • PMA - will to live
    • Air
    • Clothing/Shelter/Heat
    • Rest
      • 30 hours [3]
    • Water
    • Food
    • Rule of 3's
      • 3 minutes withuut air
      • 3 hours without shelter/clothing
      • 3 days without water
      • 3 weeks without food



PMA

  • brain is most important survival tool [1]
  • Survival requires maintaining a ~positive mental attitude~. [1]
    • the will to live [1]
    • problem solving ability [1]
    • PMA alone is not sufficient [1]
    • how to produce
      • education [1]
      • training [1]
      • practice
      • experience [1]



  • mental step of Emergency Management [1]
    • STOP [1]
    • Stop [1]
      • Stop at first sign of danger, to give time to think [2]
    • Think [1]
      • think about immediate and future dangers [2]
    • Observe [1]
      • size up situation [2]
    • Plan [1]



  • controlling fear [1]
    • many strategies [1]
    • face head-on [1]
    • recognize as natural [1]
    • establish nature/cause of fear [1]
    • in self [1]
      • do not physically or mentally run away [1]
      • take control of the situation; don't let it control you [1]
      • expand your comfort zone [1]
      • be prepared, realize it can happen to you [1]
      • have procedures to keep busy mentally or physically [1]
      • realistic goals [1]
      • teamwork [1]
      • affirmative self-talk [1]
      • spiritual faith[1]
      • be informed [1]
      • keep things in perspective [1]
  • in others [1]
    • mutual support [1]
    • leadership [1]
    • avoid resentment [1]
    • avoid chiding [1]
    • accept other's limits [1]
    • comfort [1]
    • avoid letting people feel sorry for themselves [1]
    • involve in simple tasks [1]



Survival Plan

  • phase 1 - emergency response [1]
    • 1st 6 hours [1]
    • protect life [1]
      • priorities and necessities of life [1]
    • first aid [1]
    • protect/inventory equipment [1]
    • conserve body resources [1]
      • water [1]
      • energy [1]
      • heat [1]
    • signal for help [1]
    • build fire [1]
      • PMA vs physical need



  • phase 2 - continued life support [1]
    • maintain physical needs [1]
    • apply survival skills [1]
    • maintain PMA [1]
    • watch for future dangers [1]



  • phase 3 - rescue [1]
    • continue signalling [1]
    • plan self rescue [1]



  • FOG SAR slide 528

Improvising

  • FOG SAR slide 529
  • FOG SAR slide 530



  • FOG SAR slide 531

Shelter

  • FOG SAR slide 532



  • FOG SAR slide 533

Consideration for Shelter Building

  • FOG SAR slide 534
  • FOG SAR slide 535



  • FOG SAR slide 536

How Weathe Shelter


  • FOG SAR slide 537

Cold Weather Shelter


  • FOG SAR slide 538

Firecraft


  • FOG SAR slide 539

Location of Fire

  • FOG SAR slide 540



  • FOG SAR slide 541

Fire Making Sources

  • FOG SAR slide 542

tinder - e.g. cottonballs, dry grass, cattail fluff, birch bark

kindling - e.g. cedar bark, dry leaves, small twigs


  • FOG SAR slide 543

Fire Craft Tips

  • FOG SAR slide 544

fuzz stick (feather stick) - a small stick of wood which has slices on the side to create small attached shavings


  • FOG SAR slide 545

Signalling

  • FOG SAR slide 546
  • FOG SAR slide 547
  • FOG SAR slide 548



  • FOG SAR slide 549

Water

  • FOG SAR slide 550



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Copyright © 2011, Brett Wuth. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 2.5 Canada License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.5/ca/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, 559 Nathan Abbott Way, Stanford, California 94305, USA.

[edit] Reference Material

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[1] SAR Skills Handbook: FOG SAR, Field Operating Guide To Search and Rescue, Richard Smith et al., Copyright ERI Canada et al., 2003, first edition, ISBN 0-9734135-0-6, Chapter 24

[2] 'SAR Skills V1.ppt' part of the course materials CD associated with SAR Skills Handbook[1], slides 506-526

[3] Search and Rescue Fundamentals: Basic Skills and Knowledge to Perform Wilderness, Inland, Search and Rescue, D. Cooper et al., 3rd Edition, revised., Copyright 1996 Emergency Response Institute, Inc. et al., ISBN 0-913724-37-8, Chapter 5

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Eric's Survival Lecture

  • review people we've seen die or struggle in survival situations
  • decisions they made
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